First Aid - उदेश्य एवं सिद्धांत

First Aid के उदेश्य 

• घायल व्यक्ति का जान बचाना
• बिगड़ी हालत से बाहरा निकालना
• तबियत के सुधार में बढ़ावा देना

First Aid  के सिद्धांत 

• सांस की जाँच करें 
• अगर चोट लगी है और रक्त बह रहा हो तो जल्द से जल्द रक्तस्राव को रोकें
• अगर घायल व्यक्ति को सदमा लगा हो तो उसे समझाएं और सांत्वना दें
• अगर व्यक्ति बेहोश हो तो होश में लाने की कोशिश करें
• अगर कोई हड्डी टूट गयी हो, तो सीधा करें और दर्द को कम करें
• जितना जल्दी हो सके घायल व्यक्ति को नजदीकी अस्पताल या चिकित्सालय पहुंचाएं

First Aid - Heavy Bleeding

Q. What should one do if the patient is bleeding heavily?

Put pressure on the wound with whatever available to stop or slow down the flow of the blood.
Call local emergency numbers or ask for some body help to get to hospital.
Keep pressure on the wound until the help arrives.

Q. The person looks pale and feels cold and dizzy. What does this mean?

It means there isn’t enough blood flowing through the body. It can be life threatening because it can very quickly lead to other conditions, such as lack of oxygen in the body’s tissues, heart attack or organ damage. This physical response to an injury or illness is called shock.

If you suspect someone is going into shock, lie him down and lift his feet higher than the rest of his body. Such that the legs are higher than the heart in this position, which helps increase blood flow to their brain and heart.

Q. Should wound be washed?

For minor cuts and grazes, one can wash the wound to remove any dirt. Don't wash a wound that is bleeding heavily. If a wound that is bleeding heavily put under a tap, then all clotting agents will wash away and will bleed more.

Do's and Don'ts for heavy bleeding

Do’s for heavy bleeding 

• Reassure victim that help is on the way
• Call ambulance immediately
• Check victim’s status regularly
• Use direct pressure to stop bleeding
• Check to see if victim’s airways are clear

First Aid - Burns

Q. Should I use ice to cool the burn?

No, use water only. Ice may further damage the skin.

Q. Should I put a plaster over a burn to make sure it doesn't get infected?

One should not use any adhesive bandages as it’ll stick to the skin and may cause further damage. Instead the burns should be covered with cling film or a clean plastic bag which will help prevent infection.

First Aid - Snake Bite

First Aid Guide - Snake Bite

Snake bite is prevalent in our community for generations, and we are not able to prevent it. Education of the common man is required from snake bite, as well as measures to be taken after the bite. Snake bite may occur at any time during lifetime. WHO (2004) provided recommendations to reduce death due to snake bite as per international norms. A primary recommendation, based on evidence based procedures, was to establish a single protocol for both first-aid and treatment, and is relevant in Indian context as well.

Remember, traditional therapy have no proven benefit in the treatment of snake bite. Do not waste time and send the patient to hospital at the earliest.

First Aid - Nose Bleeding

Symptoms of nose bleeding

• Bleeding from either or both nostrils Sometimes bleeding from ears/ mouth too.

Q. What are the causes of nose bleeding

• Dryness 
• Blowing nose with force 
• Use of medications, like aspirin 
• Nose picking
• Pushing objects into nose 
• Injuries / blow to the nose
• Infections of the nose
• Atherosclerosis 
• Blood-clotting disorders 

First Aid - Do's During Heart Attack

Do's during heart attack:

• Patient should be made to  sit down, rest, and try to keep calm.
• Loosen any tight clothing.
• Ask if the patient takes any chest pain medication for a known heart condition, such as nitroglycerin, and help him take it.
• If the pain does not go away with rest or within 3 minutes of taking nitroglycerin, call for emergency medical help.
• If the person is unconscious and unresponsive, call for emergency and should begin CPR.

First Aid - कुछ विशेष जानकारी

• कभी  भी कोई एलोपैथी दवाई किसी भी डॉक्टर की सलाह के बिना न तो स्वयं ले न किसी को दे
•  बिना लेवल वाली दवाइयो को अपने घर में न रखे
•  घर में हर तरह की दवाईया, कीड़े या चूहे मारने की दवा, सफाई में काम में आने वाले अम्ल या क्षार बच्चो की पहुँच से दूर रखे क्योकि दुर्घटना के कारण बं जाते है
• . बिजली के उपकरणों को सुरक्षित रखे